Tuesday, 1 September 2020

Muting Structural Economic Inequality, Blurring Class in Zimbabwe.

By Takura Zhangazha*

Within the context of the Covid 19 pandemic in Zimbabwe there are increasingly many social and economic injustice issues that are being muted.  Most times deliberately and in rarer cases by default.  In the process there is also the rarely mentioned factor of class that emerges as a result of the fact of obfuscation of our current economic realities.

And by economic realities here I mean what we would consider lived realities of many Zimbabweans in the current moment. In the same way, by making reference to ‘class’ I mean the at least four tier class system we have by default in Zimbabwe.  Namely and in an order that reflects the powerful to the powerless respectively; the bourgeoisie (global financialised capital- mine, financial/stock exchange, agricultural property owners), the comprador bourgeoisie (retailers, bankers, politicians, religious leaders) ; the aspirational middle class (academics, medical doctors, small scale farmers/business owners, Diaspora, NGO workers, drug dealers) , the urban working peoples (formerly proletariat, i.e teachers, nurses, artisans, informal sector workers/vendors, unemployed youths), rural working people (formerly peasantry: i.e women, war veterans, resettled farmers, unemployed but somewhat self-reliant youths). 

For regular readers of this blog, this may appear to be a mouthful and slightly complicated.  But the key element is to understand that within the context of Covid 19, Zimbabwe remains a highly economically stratified society.  A state of affairs which has been obscured by our high levels of political polarization as it has occurred in at least the years since the December 1987 Unity Accord between Zanu and Zapu. And accelerated from 2000 to the present between the current ruling Zanu Pf and opposition MDC formations. 

In this, there would be many Zimbabweans who would mistake similar political emotions and biases for equality. All based on the assumption that if one's relative/friend from a wealthier class or section of society holds and imparts an opinion, despite my current vastly different economic positioning then we are equal.  Moreso if they demonstrate a specific material benevolence that enables one to occasionally access ‘nicer’ things in additions to what should not be patronage motivated other basic commodities that they occasionally provide. 

This basically means if one belongs to any of the top three aforementioned classes (bourgeoisie, comprador bourgeoisie and aspirational middle class) there is greater likelihood, in our Zimbabwean context that one holds greater sway over populist public opinion among what we would in the Marxian sense consider ‘lower classes’ (urban and rural working people).  And in the process always argue in favour of a specific privileged perspective on the preferred state of affairs of mainly the politics but underlying economic state of affairs of the country.

I will give an example. In the wake of the economic crisis that began in the 1990s until present, the argument for liberalization of the economy was given by our best and brightest minds (comprador bourgeoisie and aspirational/transitional middle classes). It is an opinion that has venerated private capital and hedonism to God-like status in Zimbabwe.  So the (urban or rural) working class Zimbabwean, swayed by such an inorganic populist opinion begins to think that the problem is not one of the economic or wealth distribution structure of our society.  Instead it becomes their own individual fault that they did not have the political connection, the religious vision or the multiple degrees to own a property in an urban settlement.  But, in an ironical twist, still seek to manipulate the political economic system as far as is possible to live lives beyond their economic let alone sustainable means. 

So what is raised high is the so called political bar and not the economic equality and social justice one. In this the priority questions are around party affiliation and material experiences in between elections with same said preferred party.  As opposed to queries on values, principles and perspectives on the collective well-being of our society. 

And all of this remains understandable if not repetitive with the passage of time. The top two classes outlined above have an unwritten but default understanding of the need to maintain their neoliberal hegemony over Zimbabwean society.  No matter their political differences or competition for support and allegiances with global private or state-controlled financialised capital.  And to perpetually give the majority working urban and rural poor a false impression that they can not only aspire to live that fabled good life of the rich and famous/shameless.  Hence in many instances the songs of Zimbabwean version of dancehall or hip hop music sound exceedingly contradictory by way of the music videos in which they present and re-present a desire for a materialist and ‘departure from the ghetto’ life they may never have or value.    

It is the third, fourth and fifth tier class (aspirational middle class in organic tandem with urban and rural working people) that perhaps in a Cabralian sense remains most important. In the moment. So long the third stops having false assumptions of superiority or as they say in the global north, ‘curbs its enthusiasm’ for inequality motivated consumerism/materialism.  And sees the country as one that should be constructed on democratic values that guarantee social and economic justice for all. 

*Takura Zhangazha writes here in his personal capacity (takura-zhangazha.blogspot.com)

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